Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://biore.bio.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/7114
Title: Analysis of the Mechanism of Acid Mine Drainage Neutralization Using Fly Ash as an Alternative Material: A Case Study of the Extremely Acidic Lake Robule in Eastern Serbia
Authors: Petronijević, Nela
Radovanović, Dragana
Štulović, Marija
Sokić, Miroslav
Jovanović, Gvozden
Kamberović, Željko
Stanković, Srđan 
Stopic, Srecko
Onjia, Antonije
Keywords: acid mine drainage (AMD);AMD treatment;fly ash;reuse waste;safe discharge of waste;synergy of waste reuse;zero waste
Issue Date: 1-Oct-2022
Rank: M22
Publisher: MPDI
Journal: Water (Switzerland)
Volume: 14
Issue: 20
Start page: 3244
Abstract: 
Acid mine drainage (AMD) is a waste from mining sites, usually acidic, with high concentrations of sulfates and heavy metal ions. This study investigates the AMD neutralization process using fly ash (FA) as an alternative material. Samples of FA from coal-fired power plants in Serbia (“Nikola Tesla” (EF) and “Kostolac” (KOST)) were analyzed and used. The results were compared with the treatment efficiency of commercial neutralization agent (NaOH). The alkaline nature of FA was the basis for use in the treatment process of the extremely acid Lake Robule (pH 2.46), located in the mining areas of eastern Serbia. The optimal S/L ratio for the AMD neutralization process determined for EF was 25 wt.%, and for KOST it was 20 wt.%. The mechanism of the neutralization process was analyzed using the ANC test and PHREEQC program. The element concentrations and pH values in solutions indicated that FA samples could neutralize Lake Robule with more than 99% of Al, Fe, Cu, Zn, and more than 89% of Pb precipitated. Formation of insoluble (oxy)hydroxide forms (Fe3+ and Al3+ ions) creates favorable conditions for co-precipitation of other trace metals (Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb, and Cd) from AMD, which is further enhanced by cation adsorption on FA particles. FA proved to be a more effective neutralization agent than NaOH due to its adsorption effect, while among the FA samples, KOST was more effective due to the aging process through the carbonization reaction. Using FA as an alternative material is a promising and sustainable method for treating AMD, with economic and environmental benefits.
URI: https://biore.bio.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/7114
ISSN: 2073-4441
DOI: 10.3390/w14203244
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