Multi-strain probiotic ameliorated toxic effects of phthalates and bisphenol A mixture in Wistar rats

Abstract

Phthalates and bisphenol A, to which people are mainly exposed through food, interfere with the body's endocrine system, along with various other toxic effects. Literature data suggest that probiotic cultures might be able to decrease the adverse effects of toxic substances by various mechanisms. The aim of this study was to investigate if treatment with multi-strained probiotic could reduce the toxicity of phthalates and bisphenol A mixture in Wistar rats. Animals were divided into four experimental groups (n = 6): (1) Control (corn oil); (2) P (probiotic (8.78 * 108 CFU/kg/day): Saccharomyces boulardii + Lactobacillus rhamnosus + Lactobacillus planarum LP 6595+ Lactobacillus planarum HEAL9); (3) MIX (50 mg/kg b.w./day DEHP + 50 mg/kg b.w/day DBP + 25 mg/kg b.w./day BPA); (4) MIX + P. Animals were euthanized after 28 days of daily oral gavage treatment; blood and organs were collected for further analysis. Probiotic reduced systemic inflammation and had protective effects on liver, kidneys, spleen, lipid status and serum glucose level. It almost completely annulled the changes in biochemical, hematological and hormonal parameters and mitigated changes in relative liver size, food consumption and organ histology. These results suggest considering multi-strained probiotics as a dietary therapeutic strategy against toxicity of the investigated mixture.